Commercial shipping gained a significant change over the years. With the increasing needs on ports and chartering, ship captains and officers faces several risk that connects to accomplishments of paperwork. Attempts to lessen paperwork by using computer format forms were adopted by other countries but not all of them.
An Officer in charge of the Navigational Watch or Officer of the Watch (OOW) as we all know comprises the Bridge Team. On merchant vessels, the watch duty officer is always accompanied with a look-out who is also a helmsman. In case the officer of the watch is a newly promoted officer, he will be performing his duties on the bridge under the watchful eyes of the Captain.
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